The science wars The attack upon the validity of science and the social
sciences worried many in the scientific community, especially when the
language of social construction was appropriated by groups who claimed to
proffer alternative scientific paradigms. Many scientists perceived that as
attempted political control of science in society, e.g. so-called
‘creation science,’ ‘intelligent design,’ and the continuing
creation-evolution controversy. In Higher Superstition: The Academic Left
and Its Quarrels With Science (1994), the scientists Paul R. Gross and
Norman Levitt attacked the anti-intellectual postmodernists, presented the
shortcomings of relativism, proposed that postmodernist critics knew little
about the scientific theories they criticized, and practiced poor
scholarship for political reasons.

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