Tema: English gramar (kanka, ale jau supuvus)
Autorius: tvarka bus <domodo @ gmail.com>
Data: 2009-07-27 19:36:53
Anglisku laiku sistema veiksmazodzio "to Vodka" atzvilgiu:
1. Pirma - reikia isikirsti, kad nagrinejamoje kalboje egzistuoja
veiksmazodziai:
1.1 Neapibreztiniai (Indefinite), t.y. neaisku, geriate Jus, ar ne.
1.2 Testiniai (Continuous), t.y. Jus geriate ir esate gilaus uzgerimo
busenoje.
1.3 Atliktiniai (Perfect), t.y. arba Jus jau isejote is uzgerimo
busenos,arba galutinai prisigerete ir atsijungete.
2. Antra - egzistuoja objektyvi:
2.1 Dabartis (Present) - Jusu poziuris i alkoholi.
2.2 Praeitis (Past) - tamsi arba sviesi.
2.3 Ateitis (Future) - tai, kas Jums sviecia: kepenu ciroze, narkologinis
dispanseris, baltoji karstine ir pan.
3. Dabar viska sumaisome.
3.1 Present:
3.1.1 Present indefinite (dabartis neapibreztine) zr. auksciau. I vodka
every day. - As geriu degtine kiekviena diena. Vietoje every day galima
panaudoti zodzius ir issireiskimus: usually, seldom, often, from time to
time, from melkaya posuda, bolshimi glotkamy...
3.1.2 Present Continuous (dabartis testine): I am vodking now. As geriu
degtine dabar. Empatiniam sustiprinimui su siuo laiku galima naudoti
prieveiksmius: He is constantly vodking! - Jis nuolatos pakales!
3.1.3 Present perfect (dabartis atliktine): I have already vodked. - As jau
prisigeres (atsakant i pasiulyma isgerti).
3.1.4 Present Perfect Continuous (dabartis atliktinai testine): I have been
vodking since childhood. - As geriu degtine nuo vaikystes, (inclusive
tipas). As geriau degtine nuo vaikystes (bet jau nebegeriu), (exclusive
tipas).
3.2 Past:
3.2.1 Past Indefinite (praeitis neapibreztine): I vodked yesterday. As
prisigeriau vakar. (Nepainioti su laiku 3.1.3, ten Jus prisigerete ka
tiktai).
3.2.2 Past Continuous (praeitis testine): Dazniausiai naudojama, kaip laiko
aplinkybe. Unfortunately, I was vodking at the moment my wife came.
Nelaimei, as tuo metu geriau degtine, kai atejo zmona.
3.2.3 Past Perfect (praeitis atliktine): Taip pat naudojama, kaip
aplinkybe. I had already vodked when my wife came. - As jau buvau
prisigeres, kai atejo zmona.
3.2.4 Past Perfect Continuous (praeitis atliktinai testine): I had been
vodking for about month when my wife come. - As geriau degtine jau
apiemenesi, kai atejo mano zmona.
3.3 Future:
3.3.1 Future Indefinite (ateitis neapibreztine): I will vodka tomorrow. - As
gersiu degtine rytoj. Pastaba: salutinese laiko ir vietos aplinkybese
(t.y.nesant tinkamo laiko ir salygu) vietoje laiko 3.3.1 naudojamas laikas
3.1.1: If I vodka tomorrow I will be sick the day after tomorrow. Jeigu
gersiu rytoj, sirgsiu poryt.
3.3.2 Future Continuous (ateitis testine): I will be vodking tomorrow at
5. - Rytoj penkta busiu uzsiemes stipriuju gerimu vartojimu. Pastaba: esant
labai karstam troskimu atsipagirioti, vietoje laiko 3.3.1 galima panaudoti
laika 3.3.2: Soon! Soon I will be vodking! - Greitai! Greitai as gersiu
degtine!
3.3.3 Future Perfect (ateitis atliktine): naudojama planuojant girtumo
busena. Tomorrow by 5 o'clock I will have vodked. - Rytoj iki penkiu as jau
busiu prisigeres.
3.3.4 Future Perfect Continuous (ateitis atliktinai testine): By tomorrow
morning I will have been vodking for a term. - Rytoj ryte as semestra
gersiu degtine.
3.3.5 Future in the Past (ateitis praeityje): Would you vodka in the
children garden? - Ar noretumete gerti baltaja vaiku darzelyje?