Tema: Re: q:enkriptinta sistema ir patikrinimas
Autorius: Cube
Data: 2009-05-24 01:06:40
Laimis wrote:
> http://www.bailii.org/ew/cases/EWCA/Crim/2008/2177.html
> 
> Jei tingisi skaityti, tai Lino minėtu atveju:
> 
> „the Court of Appeal ruled that an order to deliver encryption keys 
> under art. 53 RIPA did not violate the privilege against 
> self-incrimination.“

Gera byla, bet va nezinau is kur paemei ta isvada, nes paciame tekste 
pasakyta toli grazu ne taip. Siaip tai net neskaicius bylu, vien is 
teorijos galima pasakyti - reikalavimas atskleisti kodus priestarauja 
saves neapkaltinimo principui ir to niekaip neisspresi vieno ar kito 
neatsisakydamas. Ir visos cia buvusios bylos ar nuorodos realiai 
surasdavo koki nors priezasti, kad pateisinti kodu reikalavima tuo 
konkreciu atveju, bet niekur nenustate ir nepagrinde bendros taisykles, 
kad tai nera saves apkaltinimas.

Konkreciai sioje byloje esminis momentas yra cia:
"In our judgment the correct analysis is that the privilege against 
self-incrimination may be engaged by a requirement of disclosure of 
knowledge of the means of access to protected data under compulsion of 
law. (...)  In short, although the appellants' knowledge of the means of 
access to the data may engage the privilege against self-incrimination, 
it would only do so if the data itself – which undoubtedly exists 
independently of the will of the appellants and to which the privilege 
against self-incrimination does not apply – contains incriminating 
material. If that data was neutral or innocent, the knowledge of the 
means of access to it would similarly be either neutral or innocent. On 
the other hand, if the material were, as we have assumed, incriminatory, 
it would be open to the trial judge to exclude evidence of the means by 
which the prosecution gained access to it. Accordingly the extent to 
which the privilege against self-incrimination may be engaged is indeed 
very limited."

Trumpai tariant - reikalavimas atskleisti kodus skiriasi nuo visu kitu 
reikalavimu (pavyzdziui kraujo, pirstu antspaudu ir t.t.), kad cia 
reikalaujama itariamojo ziniu, o ne paprasto mechaninio veiksmo ir tai 
yra saves apkaltinimas. Todel surandama paprasta iseitis - jei tokiu 
budu bus surasta nusikaltamos medziagos, tada jos tiesiog nebus galima 
naudoti kaip irodymo teisme ir tokiu atveju reikalavimas patampa legalus.

Taip kad, kaip jau sakiau, saves neapkaltinimo principas laimi, o kodu 
reikalavimas paliekamas galioti, pazeminus ji iki operatyvines 
medziagos, negalimos naudoti teisme, statuso. Bet, manau, pacio istatymo 
tikslas buvo ne toks, todel reikia laukti bylos, kur kas nors realiai 
bus nuteistas pagal atkoduota informacija, va tada teismas gales 
galutinai pasisakyti, ar apverciam teises sistema aukstyn kojom ir 
panaikinam saves neapkaltinimo principa, ar vistik pamaikinam kodu 
reikalavima.